Ianna Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies,ISSN(O):2735-9891,ISSN(P):2735-9883
Department of Mass Communication, University of Nigeria
Infrastructure and Facility-Oriented Perceptions of Sports Tourism Development in Ladakh
Background: This study explores the role of infrastructure and facilities in developing sports tourism in Ladakh, India, within the larger context of sports tourism as a driver of destination competitiveness and economic growth. Method: Using an exploratory qualitative research design, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 35 stakeholders from the sports and tourism sectors, including government officials and tourism service providers. The data were analysed using qualitative content analysis, supported by NVivo-based word clouds and thematic coding. Results: The findings highlight a strong focus among stakeholders on infrastructure-driven development, revealing deficiencies in sport-specific facilities—especially for winter sports—and facing limitations in transport connectivity and supporting tourism infrastructure. The study shows a shift in stakeholder discourse from emphasising nature-based approaches to implementation readiness, stressing the importance of government intervention, public–private collaboration, and region-specific planning to advance sports tourism. Conclusion: Although Ladakh has notable natural and climatic advantages for adventure and winter sports, strategic investments in infrastructure, accessibility, and institutional coordination are necessary to transform the region into a well-structured and competitive sports tourism destination capable of hosting training programs and sporting events.
Hussain Ali , Dr. Deepak Kumar Dogra, Dr. Binayak Kumar Dubey
Copyright (c) 2025 Ianna Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies,ISSN(O):2735-9891,ISSN(P):2735-9883 https://unijisedu.com/
GROWTH AND INSTABLITY IN PRINCIPAL CROPS OF HARYANA: AN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS
The dominant objectives of this research are to analyze the growth performance and instability in the area, production and productivity of principal crops of Haryana. To estimate the growth performance Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) method and to measure instability the Cuddy-Della Valle Index, were employed. This study can be divided into three sub-periods: 2005-06 to 2010-2011, 2011-12 to 2016-17 and 2017-18 to 2022-23. Results of the study indicates that, several growth patterns recorded, in the CAGR of area under crop, production of the crop and productivity of the selected crops of Haryana. While considering the area under crop, highest instability at 95.41% occurred from 2011-12 to 2016-17, in case of production highest instability at 87.96% occurred during the third sub-period and productivity of the crop was highly volatile (108.43) during the third sub-period.
Shift in Digital Democracy Dynamics: A Comparative Analysis of Indian Perspectives
This study explores the dynamic dimensions of India's democratic participation, namely in the context of unprecedented digital technology integration. The paper canvases the changes in parliamentary processes, citizen participation, and governance openness through initiatives like the National e-Vidhan Application (NeVA) and MyGov. Utilizing a mixed-methods approach integrating descriptive statistical analysis, case study research, and comparative analysis, the study attempts to achieve five main aims: (i) to critically examine the democratic ideals after the adoption of digital technologies, (ii) to assess the contribution of digital communication technology to increasing parliamentary accessibility, (iii) to examine the implications of such technologies for public stakeholders, (iv) to determine the most effective channels of information exchange between the citizen and parliament, and (v) to identify possible challenges and future strategies in the sustenance of digital democracy. Empirical results are displayed in the form of adoption statistics, time-series plots illustrating the growth of users, and demographic participant indicators, supplemented by six intensive case studies of technology-supported democratic innovations in India. The study reports that, while digital platforms have radically boosted accessibility, inclusivity, and legislative openness, challenges remain in terms of scalability of infrastructure, protection of data, and equitable access. Policy suggestions include the decentralization of infrastructure, reinforcement of data governance frameworks, and initiatives for citizen digital literacy.
Geetanjali Raghav and Dr.Pawan Singh Malik
Agriculture Pattern in Haryana: A major shift to Wheat and Rice Crops
The cropping pattern can be defined as the spatial sequence of cropping under various crops for a given area at a certain time. There have been a lot of changes which have taken place in cropping pattern of Haryana since Green revolution. The Haryana government encouraged the farmers to cultivate Wheat and Rice as a part of this green revolution drive and procure both these crops at MSP. The present paper is attempted to present an analytical account of Wheat and Paddy crops in the state of Haryana. The paper reveals the spatial and temporal variations in both the crops for the time period from period of green revolution to 2019-20. The paper studies the area wise production of both the crops under study. The data has been sourced from Statistical Abstract of Haryana. Secondary data from books, journals, periodicals etc. has been used to draw conclusions for the present paper. The paper finds that the change in cropping pattern of the crops has largely been affected by the changing market- oriented farming of the crops which has in turn, affected the soil fertility, nutritional value of crops and environment as well.
SOCIO-ECONOMIC STATUS OF WOMEN IN RURAL HARYANA: A STUDY FROM FIELD SURVEY
The socioeconomic status of women is an indicator of the development and progress of any, society and country, as women play a significant role in the development of a country. They play an essential role in maintaining their home and managing their farms and animals depending upon the family's situational, personal, and socio-economic characteristics. The current study was conducted in 6 districts of Haryana, India. Data were collected from 400 Rural women using a structured interview schedule. 10% women were chosen from each selected village thus constituting a sample size of 400 by Multistage random method. The study's main objective was to find out the Socio-Economic Status of Women in the Study area and to provide appropriate suggestions for developing Rural Women in the Study area. The profile of rural women, concerning their demographic characteristics, revealed that 19.75% are illiterate, 60% lack access to filtered water facilities, 75.5% are unemployed, and 32% rely exclusively on firewood for cooking.
A Manifestation of Collective power and toxic masculinity in sexual based violence: Gang Rape and Group Violence
In India, the violence against women in the form of gang rape and group violence shows the brutal exposure of gender power in the society, along with the societal norms constructed with dominant power of men for masculinity and control. This research paper examines the role that patriarchal norms, collective male dominance, and culturally endorsed notions of power play in perpetration of crime along with the important role of women in the society and how their security, dignity and autonomy are the main part for overall community moral and social aspects. Despite an increased awareness of the issue, there are substantial gaps in the literature with respect to existing knowledge on the interlinkages between group psychology, masculine identity and system failure that facilitate such acts of violence. To address these gaps the researcher has provide the focused on main question that what socio- cultural factors contribute to group based sexual violence. The methodology used in the research paper is based on qualitative analysis of case studies, review of legal frameworks and examination of theories on dominant power of men, group violence and crime.
GEOGRAPHICAL INDICATIONS AS A TOOL FOR SAFEGUARDING INDIGENOUS COMMUNITIES: EVALUATING THE ROLE OF GI IN PREVENTING BIOPIRACY IN INDIA
Geographical Indications (GIs) have become one of the most significant types of intellectual property security that acknowledges the relationship between a product and its geographic origin and traditional knowledge of indigenous and local communities. Biological resources and other traditional knowledge are being misused in misguided commercialism in the form of unauthorised commercial use in biodiversity rich nations such as India, where biopiracy threatens the rights of the community, cultural heritage and sustainable development. The traditional intellectual property systems, where unique ownership and novelty are emphasised, are not in a good position to protect intergenerational and community knowledge systems. This paper will discuss how Geographical Indications can be used as a legal tool to protect indigenous communities and stop biopiracy in India. The paper examines national law including Geographical Indications of Goods (Registration and Protection) Act, 1999 and Biological Diversity Act, 2002, and applicable international instruments, including TRIPS Agreement and Convention on Biological Diversity using a doctrinal research methodology. Another important source used in the study is selected Indian case studies such as Darjeeling Tea, Basmati Rice, and traditional handicrafts to gauge the practical efficiency of GI protection in combating the misappropriation and the unauthorised commercial exploitation.
Artificial Intelligence and Patent Ownership: Should India Amend Patent Act, 1970?
The rapid advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has transformed the innovation landscape, raising critical questions about inventorship and patentability under existing legal frameworks. This study examined whether India’s Patent Act, 1970, adequately addressed AI-generated inventions and analyzed international approaches, economic implications, and ethical considerations. Using a descriptive research design and secondary data sources, including legal statutes, case law, and scholarly articles, the study found that the current Act, which recognizes only natural persons as inventors, created ambiguity and potential legal uncertainty for AI-driven innovation. Comparative analysis of global jurisprudence, particularly the DABUS cases in the United States, United Kingdom, European Union, and Japan, revealed a predominant reluctance to grant inventorship to AI, while some jurisdictions explored sui generis rights or hybrid frameworks. The study highlighted that excluding AI from patent protection could discourage investment and innovation, whereas unregulated human attribution might raise ethical and economic concerns. Based on these findings, the study suggested that India consider legislative reform, interpretive flexibility, or hybrid models to clarify ownership, incentivize AI research, and align with global trends. The research emphasized the need for a future-ready patent framework that balanced human accountability, ethical considerations, and India’s competitiveness in the global knowledge economy.
Dr. Karan Singh Gaur and Dr. Garima Yadav
Cultural Encounters and Socio-Cultural Transformations: Assessing the Socio-Cultural Impact of Tourism on Host Communities in Himachal Pradesh, India
Tourism in the Himalayan state of Himachal Pradesh represents one of India’s most dynamic socio-economic sectors, yet it simultaneously reconfigures the cultural fabric of mountain communities. This study investigates how tourism influences residents’ cultural values, identity, and community resilience across four key districts—Shimla, Kullu–Manali, Kangra–Dharamshala, and Lahaul–Spiti. A mixed-methods design was employed, combining quantitative surveys of 450 residents with qualitative interviews analyzed through NVivo 14. Quantitative data were processed using SPSS 28 for descriptive, reliability, and regression analyses, operationalizing three constructs: the Cultural Preservation Index (CPI), Socio-Cultural Interaction (SCI), and Community Cultural Resilience (CCR). Results reveal a nuanced relationship between tourism intensity and community well-being. While cultural commodification and generational value shifts emerge in urbanized sites such as Shimla and Manali, peripheral districts like Lahaul–Spiti demonstrate adaptive resilience and active heritage safeguarding. Regression models confirm that higher levels of community participation significantly predict stronger CPI and CCR scores (p < 0.01). Thematic analysis identifies four dominant codes—cultural continuity, identity negotiation, participatory governance, and lifestyle transformation—capturing how tourism reshapes social meanings of culture and place. This research adds to the existing knowledge of mountain tourism by examining the socio-cultural effects within the Himalayan region. It also offers practical suggestions for creating sustainable tourism policies in Himachal Pradesh.
Mr. Akshey Dehal , Dr. Vineet Kumar , Mr. Mohit Atri , Mr. Prashant Balodi , Dr. Akshay Thakur
Nutritional Diversity of Foxtail Millet (Setaria italica) From North Maharashtra
This comprehensive study evaluates the nutritional variability in Setaria italica (foxtail millet) across 15 geographically distinct locations of North Maharashtra, a region recognized for its agro-biodiversity and tribal agricultural heritage. The investigation was carried out to quantify and compare the levels of key macronutrients: protein, carbohydrates, fat, and ash content, which are vital indicators of the grain's nutritional quality and food value. Standardized biochemical methods were employed—Kjeldahl method for protein analysis, Anthrone method for carbohydrate estimation, Soxhlet extraction for fat quantification, and dry ashing in a muffle furnace for determining total ash content. Each accession was represented by data from five randomly selected plants to ensure statistical reliability and minimize sampling bias. The results demonstrated substantial inter-accessional variation, with protein content ranging from 8.5 to 13.5 g/100g, carbohydrates from 61.6 to 70.65 g/100g, fat content from 2.9 to 3.75 g/100g, and ash content from 2.7 to 3.05 g/100g. Among all accessions, the sample from Dhadgaon emerged as the most nutritionally superior, showing peak values in both protein and carbohydrate content, alongside consistently high fat and ash levels. This accession may be considered a potential candidate for biofortification, functional food formulation, and climate-resilient crop development. The nutritional diversity observed among the accessions highlights the genetic richness and adaptive variation inherent in North Maharashtra’s foxtail millet germplasm. These findings emphasize the importance of conserving and promoting region-specific landraces for their role in addressing nutritional security, especially in marginal and rain fed agro-ecosystems. The study also contributes baseline data for breeding programs, value chain development, and policy-level interventions aimed at mainstreaming millets in public distribution and nutrition-sensitive agriculture.
REIMAGINING LITERATURE PEDAGOGY IN THE POST-PANDEMIC ERA: INNOVATIONS AND DIGITAL ADAPTATIONS IN TEACHING
The COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on the educational systems worldwide, forcing institutions of higher education to abandon the traditional classroom approach to digital and hybrid learning. This paper examines the ways in which literature pedagogy, which is based heavily on discourse and human interaction, responded to this dramatic transformation. Based on a qualitative research design and a documentary analysis of academic sources, the study will focus on the evaluation of innovative teaching practices and digital adaptations that have developed during and after the pandemic. The results show that the teachers combined multimodal storytelling, flipped classes, and collaborative annotation tools to increase the engagement and understanding in the virtual classes. Students and teachers were resilient and flexed, becoming digitally literate, self-regulating, and creatively interacting with literature. Yet, there were problems of unequal access, lower emotional attachment, and lack of technological training. The study concludes that post-pandemic literature pedagogy can be viewed as a paradigm shift in its tone, quality of life, and a new reality that includes humanistic inquiry and technological innovations. Professional development, investing in infrastructures and redesigning the curriculum are recommended to maintain the digital transformation of literature education.
Generalization of Liouville's theorem in higher dimensions
The generalisation of Liouville’s theorem in higher dimensions expands the classical principle that bounded entire functions must be constant, extending its influence to complex variables, harmonic functions, nonlinear elliptic equations, and nonlocal operators. This broader framework demonstrates how structural conditions such as boundedness, growth restrictions, integrability, and geometric constraints enforce rigidity and nonexistence of nontrivial solutions in multidimensional settings. Modern Liouville-type results play a crucial role in classifying entire solutions, preventing blow-up phenomena, and understanding asymptotic behaviour in partial differential equations. They also provide essential tools in geometric analysis, especially on manifolds where curvature and topology influence solution properties. This study synthesises key developments and highlights the analytical mechanisms that underpin the persistence of Liouville-type rigidity across diverse mathematical contexts.
Guddu Kumar, Manoj Prasad Yadav & Shubhashish Das
The Impact of Mindfulness-Based Interventions and Parenting Styles on Emotional Maturity, Self-Concept, Academic Performance, And Internet Addiction Risk Among Urban Adolescents
This study investigates how parental practices and mindfulness-based therapies affect urban teenagers' emotional development, self-perception, academic achievement, and risk of internet addiction. Existing academic literature, official documents, and publicly accessible information were examined using a secondary research technique and retrieved from databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, PsycINFO, and ERIC. Using narrative synthesis, pertinent research from the previous ten to fifteen years was examined, and when quantitative data was available, it was assembled. The study provides a thorough overview of emotional, behavioral, and academic results while highlighting the connections between mindfulness, parenting, and teenage development. It also identifies areas that require more investigation.
Copyright (c) 2022 Ianna Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies,ISSN(O):2735-9891,ISSN(P):2735-9883 https://unijisedu.com/
IMPACT OF COMMUNITY-BASED REHABILITATION INITIATIVES ON INDIVIDUALS WITH DISABILITIES
Numerous types of institutional assistance, such as residential, educational, and rehabilitative programs, are beneficial to a person with a handicap. The challenges faced by persons with disabilities during community-based rehabilitation were investigated in this study. The major objective of community-based rehabilitation is to guarantee that people with disabilities may develop their physical and mental abilities, have access to continuing services and opportunities, and be able to fully integrate into their communities. Adults with an intellectual impairment describe a variety of difficulties. People with intellectual impairments and other problems have been shown to have detrimental alterations in their psychosocial functioning. Public health is greatly impacted by disability, especially in poor countries like India. Rehabilitation programs should be adapted to the requirements of the disabled while incorporating the community, as the issues in developing countries are unique. Accessibility, availability, and cost-effectiveness of rehabilitation programs are crucial considerations because the majority of handicapped individuals in India reside in rural regions. This study highlights the need for better health care and service delivery to the disabled in the community by examining a number of problems and obstacles pertaining to disability and rehabilitation services in India.
A Meta-Analytic Review of The Impact of Preksha Meditation on Maternal Stress, Emotional Regulation, And Prenatal Development
Maternal stress and emotional dysregulation during pregnancy are strongly associated with adverse prenatal and neonatal outcomes, creating an urgent need for effective, non-pharmacological interventions. Preksha Meditation—an Indian contemplative system emphasizing breath awareness, color perception (lesyā dhyāna), relaxation (kāyotsarga), and cognitive reflection (anuprekṣā)—has been increasingly applied in maternal health contexts, yet its effects have not been systematically synthesized. This meta-analytic review integrates evidence from qualitative studies, mixed-methods research, and controlled trials to examine the impact of Preksha Meditation on maternal psychological well-being and prenatal developmental indicators. A systematic search of peer-reviewed literature was conducted across major databases, and studies meeting predefined inclusion criteria were synthesized using both thematic meta-synthesis and quantitative effect-size estimation when available. Findings indicate consistent qualitative evidence of reduced perceived stress, enhanced emotional regulation, improved interoceptive awareness, and strengthened maternal–fetal bonding among women practicing Preksha Meditation. Quantitative findings, where reported, suggest moderate reductions in stress-related outcomes and improvements in mood and physiological indicators, though heterogeneity of study designs limits statistical generalization. The integrated evidence supports Preksha Meditation as a promising, culturally grounded maternal intervention that may positively influence psychological functioning and contribute to a more favorable prenatal environment. Implications for antenatal care, clinical practice, and future multidisciplinary research are discussed.
"Virtual Connections, Real Impacts: A Sociological Study of Social Media Use among Rural Youth in Jaipur - North"
Social media has transformed communication, but its rise hinges on the internet. Without it, social media’s vast influence, especially on youth, would be unimaginable. Young people are deeply engaged in platforms like Whatsap, Youtube, Instagram and Facebook, shaping their thoughts and behaviors. The internet acts as the lifeline of social media, driving its growth and accessibility. However, excessive social media use impacts mental health, fostering addiction, anxiety, and self-esteem issues. While it offers information and opportunities, a balanced approach is crucial to prevent its negative effects and ensure it remains a tool for empowerment.
Mr Ajay Singh Shekhawat and Dr Lopamudra Das
Hybrid ResNet50–ResNet34 Model for Enhanced Facial Expression Recognition
Facial expression recognition is a fundamental challenge in computer vision and plays a crucial role in enhancing human-computer interaction. It enables the automatic interpretation of human emotions from facial images, with important applications in affective computing, social robotics, and psychological research. In this work, we propose a hybrid deep learning approach combining ResNet50 and ResNet34 models for effective facial expression classification. These models, pre-trained on large-scale image datasets, demonstrate powerful feature extraction capabilities and have achieved remarkable performance in various computer vision tasks. Our method follows a systematic approach, beginning with the collection and preprocessing of a labeled facial expression dataset. The dataset undergoes face detection, alignment, and normalization to ensure uniformity and reduce noise. The preprocessed data is then partitioned into training, validation, and testing subsets. We fine-tune the ResNet50 and ResNet34 models using transfer learning, adapting them specifically for facial expression recognition. Optimization techniques such as SGDM, ADAM, and RMSprop are applied to update model parameters and minimize the categorical cross-entropy loss function. The models are evaluated based on key performance metrics, achieving a high accuracy of 98.19% on the validation set. Finally, the system is tested on unseen facial images to verify its generalization ability. The proposed approach demonstrates robust and accurate facial expression classification, advancing the development of intelligent emotion analysis and human-computer interaction systems.
Role Of Judiciary in Interpreting the Indian Constitution and the Concept of Judicial Activism
The judiciary in India serves as a cornerstone of constitutional democracy, playing a crucial role in interpreting the Constitution and protecting fundamental rights. This paper explores the multifaceted role of the judiciary in shaping constitutional discourse through interpretation and judicial activism. It traces the evolution of judicial activism in India, particularly post-Emergency, highlighting key decisions that expanded the ambit of civil liberties and public interest. The study examines how doctrines such as the basic structure theory and constitutional morality have been judicially constructed to preserve democratic values and ensure social justice. While judicial activism has empowered the marginalized and filled legislative gaps, it also faces criticism for potential overreach and challenges to the separation of powers. The paper critically analyzes landmark cases, contemporary trends, and institutional constraints, offering a balanced perspective on the judiciary's dynamic influence in democratic governance. Ultimately, the research underscores the importance of a vigilant yet restrained judiciary in maintaining constitutional balance and public trust in the rule of law.
Muscle Activation Dynamics during Karnapidasana Performance in Trained Yoga Male Subjects: An Electromyographical Analysis
Background: Electromyography (EMG) was utilized to investigate muscle activation dynamics of the sternocleidomastoid (SCM) muscle during karnapidasana, an advanced yoga posture involving deep spinal and cervical flexion. Methodology: This study involved eight trained male yoga students performing karnapidasana while EMG signals were recorded to analysed the SCM activation at specified intervals (i.e., 0 second, 10 seconds, 20 seconds, and 30 seconds). Results: Statistical analysis of data were exhibited the relatively stable mean EMG activation values across these intervals with no statistically significant differences (p = 0.892) which were indicated sustained and consistent engagement of the SCM muscle throughout the posture. Findings: These findings were highlighted the SCM's crucial role in maintaining neck stabilization during of karnapidasana performance. The stability of EMG activity supports the asana’s reported benefits in improving neck muscular strength, spinal flexibility, and neuromuscular control. Conclusion: This study provides neuromuscular evidence that substantiates karnapidasana’s therapeutic potential in rehabilitation, particularly for conditions involving cervical dysfunction and postural management.
Deepak Sharma a, Dr. Deepak Kumar Dogra b, Shubhrendu Shekhar Pandey c, Dr. Binayak Kumar Dubey d Dr. Shri Bhagwan e
Pain Neuroscience Education (PNE) combined with Mindfulness: Combining the Cognitive Learning of PNE with Body-Based Calming Techniques
Chronic pain in the muscles and joints is a long-lasting condition that not only makes it hard to move, but also impacts your mental health and overall quality of life. Traditional physiotherapy often just looks at the physical effects of pain and ignores how it affects the mind and emotions. This study examined the efficacy of integrating Pain Neuroscience training (PNE) with mindfulness-based body-calming techniques for individuals with chronic musculoskeletal pain, in comparison to standard physiotherapy. A quasi-experimental approach was used, with 60 people randomly assigned to either the experimental group (n=30) or the control group (n=30). The experimental group participated in organised PNE sessions integrated with mindfulness techniques, whereas the control group underwent standard physiotherapy. We used reliable tools like the numeric damage Score Test (NPRS), Pain Overwhelming Scale, Oswestry Region Rehabilitation Index, emotional strain Scale, Five Facet Relaxation Assessment, or WHOQOL-BREF to validate the results before and after the interventions. The interventions lasted for eight weeks. The results indicate that the experimental group did far better in all areas, with large effect sizes for stress management, pain relief, catastrophising, mindfulness, and quality of life. The control group showed very little change in contrast. These findings indicate the necessity of employing both cognitive and experiential approaches for pain management. The integrated intervention provides a comprehensive, economical, and patient-centered approach that can improve rehabilitation results for individuals with chronic pain.
Identification and Minimization of Potential System Failures and Delays in Biometric Systems Using Queuing Theory
This study investigates the identification and minimization of potential system failures and delays in biometric authentication systems through comprehensive queuing theory analysis and predictive modeling. The research employs advanced mathematical frameworks including M/M/1/C models, failure analysis techniques, and delay prediction algorithms to proactively identify bottlenecks and system vulnerabilities. Through simulation-based approaches and real-world case studies, this study develops systematic methodologies for predicting, preventing, and mitigating system failures while minimizing authentication delays. The findings provide actionable strategies for enhancing biometric system reliability and user experience through proactive failure management and delay optimization.
WOMEN EMPOWERMENT IN INDIA: AN EVALUATION OF POLICIES AND PROGRAMS
Women empowerment has emerged as one of the most crucial socio-economic and political challenges in India. Despite constitutional guarantees of equality and numerous state-led and non-governmental initiatives, women continue to face discrimination, gender-based violence, wage gaps, and lack of decision-making opportunities. This research paper evaluates major policies and programs introduced in India to empower women socially, economically, politically, and legally. Drawing insights from government reports, surveys, and academic literature, the paper critically analyses the effectiveness of initiatives in education, health, employment, entrepreneurship, and political participation. The study identifies seven key policies and seven flagship programs designed for women empowerment. These include schemes such as Beti Bachao Beti Padhao, Mahila E-Haat, Stand-Up India, Pradhan Mantri Matru Vandana Yojana, and Ujjwala Yojana. It also considers legal frameworks like the Dowry Prohibition Act, Domestic Violence Act, and workplace harassment laws. The analysis highlights the successes of these measures in improving literacy rates, expanding employment opportunities, enhancing maternal health, and encouraging entrepreneurship among women. However, challenges remain, including gaps in implementation, regional inequalities, lack of awareness, and patriarchal attitudes. Many programs succeed at the policy level but fail to create measurable outcomes on the ground due to bureaucratic delays, insufficient funding, and lack of coordination among stakeholders. The paper concludes that while India has made commendable progress toward women empowerment, empowerment must be viewed as a continuous process requiring multi-stakeholder collaboration, robust monitoring, and gender-sensitive policy design. Recommendations include strengthening grassroots participation, integrating digital literacy, improving monitoring mechanisms, and adopting intersectional approaches that address class, caste, and rural-urban divides.
Copyright (c) 2024 Ianna Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies,ISSN(O):2735-9891,ISSN(P):2735-9883 https://unijisedu.com/
Green Marketing Practices and Brand Trust in Banking: An Empirical Study with Reference to Haryana
The present study investigates the extent to which green marketing practices have been adopted by banks and their effectiveness in building brand trust among customers. With growing environmental concerns and consumer awareness, the adoption of sustainable practices has emerged as a strategic tool for brand differentiation in the financial services sector. The primary objective of this study is to assess the relationship between green marketing adoption and the establishment of brand trust, while testing the hypothesis that green marketing initiatives significantly enhance customer confidence in banking institutions. The research employed a descriptive and analytical approach using primary data collected from bank customers across Haryana. Statistical tools such as frequency analysis, chi-square tests, correlation and regression (conducted in SPSS 27.0) were applied to examine the demographic distribution of respondents and the impact of green marketing strategies on brand trust. The findings indicate that the majority of respondents belong to the younger demographic, who are more tech-savvy and responsive to sustainable initiatives. Gender-wise analysis revealed no significant statistical difference in complaint redressal expectations, though subtle variations in service expectations were noted. Education, occupation and income levels were found to significantly influence customer perceptions, with educated and higher-income groups demonstrating stronger expectations of transparency, accountability and service quality.
"Contribution of Pandit Bhagwat Sharan Sharma in the classical and literary field of music"
A unique and sacred art like music is like a vast and deep ocean. This art did not disintegrate despite centuries of slavery due to its superiority, maturity, depth and dedication of devoted artists. Indian musical practice has broken the shackles of caste and religion. Therefore, music has been the best and highest strong link of cultural unity of our country. The everlasting joy that a human being gets from music cannot be obtained from any other art. The tradition of music is very ancient in India. Early music, like language, was a means of everyday human expression, because in this way it made up for the lack of language. Gradually, artistry increased in it. Music is the best art among the fourteen sciences and sixty-four arts described in our scriptures.
A Critical Exploration of Queer Temporalities in Slightly Burnt
This paper inspects the idea of queer temporality in Slightly Burnt (2014), a young adult novel by Payal Dhar that explores the themes of friendship, family, LGBTQ+ identity, within the heteronormative societal norms of Indian society. In consideration of Jack Halberstam’s notion of queer time, this study examines how the novel disrupts conventional, heteronormative understandings of adolescence and life progression. By portraying queer time as nonlinear milestone of life cycle, the novelist has tried to portray the different vision of adolescence. While queer theory has increasingly informed readings of Western young adult literature, there remains a noticeable gap in scholarship that examines queer temporalities in Indian young adult fiction. This study aims to address that gap by situating Slightly Burnt within the emerging discourse on queer time in non-Western contexts, offering a culturally grounded understanding of how time, identity, and belonging are renegotiated through narrative. The novel challenges the normative expectations placed on youth to conform to socially accepted paths, using the tension between Komal’s confusion and Sahil’s clarity to depict the conflict queer individuals often experience in aligning their internal sense of time with the external pressures of social conformity. The disruption of friendship, the re-evaluation of familial bonds, and the struggle for self-acceptance are not presented as sequential milestones. Consequently, Dhar establishes a framework for understanding queer adolescence as temporality and emotionally distinct from heteronormative models. Slightly Burnt thus becomes a critical text for examining how narratives of queer youth in Indian literature can offer alternative modes of belonging, identity formation, and temporal experience.
Welfare Measures and Their Impact on Job Satisfaction of Industrial Workers in India
Industrial workers form the backbone of India’s economic growth and development. As the country has transitioned from an agrarian economy to an industrial and service-based one, the contribution of workers engaged in factories, manufacturing units, mines, and other industrial establishments has become indispensable. They play a pivotal role not only in increasing production and generating employment but also in ensuring that India can compete in the global marketplace. However, the well-being and productivity of these workers depend heavily on the environment in which they work. Thus, welfare measures have emerged as a central element in sustaining industrial growth, ensuring social justice, and maintaining industrial harmony.
Efficient Pain Recognition via Deep Learning: A Comparative Analysis of Lightweight and Deep CNN Models
Traditional methods for pain assessment often suffer from limitations such as subjectivity, observer variability, and challenges in evaluating non-verbal patients. These shortcomings have driven the development of automated pain recognition systems using deep learning techniques. Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have shown strong potential by addressing issues like manual feature extraction and limited dataset availability. This study presents a comprehensive comparative analysis of seven prominent CNN architecturesResNet34, ResNet50, ResNet101, VGG19, DenseNet, EfficientNet (ENet), and SqueezeNet for automated classification of pain intensity from facial expressions. Each model is evaluated based on architectural design, parameter count, and effectiveness in extracting discriminative features from labeled facial pain datasets. Custom learning functions are integrated to enhance performance, and models are assessed using standard metrics including accuracy, F1-score, precision, and memory efficiency. Among all models, ResNet101 achieved the highest classification accuracy of 97.95%, demonstrating its superior ability to capture deep hierarchical features relevant to pain intensity. The findings of this study contribute to the advancement of intelligent, non-invasive pain recognition systems aimed at enhancing clinical decision-making and patient care, particularly for individuals unable to communicate pain effectively.
Multi-Variant ResNet and HOG Descriptor-Based Ensemble for Citrus Disease Recognition
Early and accurate detection of citrus plant diseases is vital for improving crop yield and supporting sustainable agricultural practices. This paper proposes a robust hybrid deep learning framework that integrates three ResNet architectures—ResNet34, ResNet50, and ResNet101—for effective disease detection and classification. The system begins by acquiring a citrus leaf image dataset and performing preprocessing techniques such as resizing, normalization, noise reduction, and data augmentation. Color space transformations and morphological operations are applied to isolate diseased regions, while shape-based features are extracted using Histogram of Oriented Gradients (HOG). Leveraging transfer learning, the pre-trained ResNet models are fine-tuned to classify specific citrus diseases. An ensemble learning approach—employing soft voting, majority voting, and stacked generalization—combines the strengths of all three models, enhancing classification accuracy and generalization capability. The model's performance is comprehensively evaluated using accuracy, precision, recall, specificity, sensitivity, and F1-score. The results demonstrate that the proposed hybrid system provides a scalable, accurate, and efficient solution for early citrus disease detection, enabling smarter agricultural monitoring and optimized yield management.
Jojo Krishna Joshi and Dr Sudhir K Sharma
ASSESSING THE IMPACT OF A WEBSITE'S AI FEATURES ON CUSTOMER PURCHASING BEHAVIOR
The aim of the study is to assess the impact of a website's AI features on customer purchasing behavior. The study focuses on online shoppers from study area western UP. A target population of 600 respondents was identified in six major cities (Meerut, Baghpat, Ghaziabad, Gautam Buddha Nagar, Hapur, Bulandshahr). A sample size of 420 is being examined for the study. The survey was conducted from July 2024 to March 2025. This study will look at internet shopping, specifically in terms of retail e-commerce, as well as AI adoption theories. SPSS 29.1 and AMOS 29.0 data analysis tools were utilized. The study concludes that AI features in websites considerably improve customer buying behavior. AI is a characteristic that influences customer happiness with items such as online reviews and discussions, as well as a sense of personal service. As a result, it is possible to conclude that this dimension has a major impact on customer buying behavior and allows users to have the same experience in a retail e-commerce websites.
A study on occupational stress management at organisational and individual level among women working in IT industries
The major goal of this research is to investigate occupational stress management at the organizational and individual levels among women working in IT sectors. This research examines the tactics and strategies used by IT organizations to manage occupational stress. Stress in the workplace affects the majority of IT personnel. Stress has a negative psychological and physical impact on IT professionals. If the effect persists, it may have a negative impact on organizational performance. IT firms have used many techniques to overcome, minimize, or lessen employee occupational stress. The management of IT firms is currently taking considerable measures to overcome or eliminate occupational stress by introducing rules and regulations, as well as other organizational initiatives.